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Schweizerhof, Finite element limit load analysis of thin-walled structures by ANSYS (implicit), LSDYNA (explicit) and in combination, Thin-Walled Structures, 41 (2003) 227вЂ“244.

Cheng, Robust design and analysis for manufacturing processes with parameter interdependency, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 21 (2002) 93вЂ“100. Yildiz, A new design optimization framework based on immune algorithm and Taguchi's method, Computers in Industry, 60 (2009) 613вЂ“620.

Tarng, Design optimization of cutting parameters for turning operations based on the Taguchi method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 84 (1998) 122вЂ“129.ДЄ. Tokmechi, A new approach to preform design in forging process of complex parts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 197 (2008) 314вЂ“324.

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Shim, Optimal preform design for the free forging of 3D shapes by the sensitivity method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 134 (2003) 99вЂ“107. Wang, Preform die shape design for uniformity of deformation in forging based on preform sensitivity analysis, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 128 (2002) 25вЂ“32. Zabaras, Shape optimization and preform design in metal forming processes, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 190 (2000) 1859вЂ“1901. Zabaras, A sensitivity analysis for the optimal design of metal-forming processes, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 129 (1996) 319вЂ“348.ДЄ. Yang, Multi-stage forming using optimized preform in the line array roll set process and its industrial application, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 15 (2014) 2085вЂ“2092. Yang, Influence of the shape and position of the preform in the precision forging of a compressor blade, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 120 (2002) 80вЂ“83.Д. Altan, Die design for flashless forging of complex parts, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 98 (2000) 81вЂ“89. Shivpuri, A new approach to optimal design of multi-stage metal forming processes with micro genetic algorithms, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 37 (1997) 29вЂ“44. Lishiny, Cost effective implementation of forging simulation, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 113 (2001) 34вЂ“39. Kim, Application of artificial neural network and Taguchi method to preform design in metal forging considering workability, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 39 (1999) 771вЂ“785. Grandhi, Preform design of a generic turbine disk forging process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 84 (1998) 19вЂ“201.Д. Kobayashi, Preform design in disk forging, International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, 26 (1986) 231вЂ“243.

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